亚洲最大TOD在中国：广州白云站 / 日建设计+铁四院+华工设计院+广州市规划院

编辑：李博超 | 校对：李博超 | 2025.02.11 11:02

设计联合体 株式会社日建设计、中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司、华南理工大学建筑设计研究院有限公司、广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院有限公司

项目所在地 广东广州

车站投用时间 2023年12月

建筑面积 452,450平方米

本文文字由日建设计提供。

广州白云站位于广州市北部新开发区的中心位置，是国内铁路车站TOD项目的新作。这个巨大的交通枢纽预计日均客流量约36万人次，由包括11台24线规模的铁路客站（衔接广湛和京广高铁、京广铁路、广清城际）、6条地铁线和3个巴士总站构成，并与铁路站场上盖开发约17万平方米和车站周边约50万平方米的办公、商业、服务式公寓等业态进行了一体化的开发。

In the center of the new CBD (central business district) development area in northern Guangzhou, Guangzhou Baiyun Station is a high-speed rail TOD (Transit-Oriented Development) and the only one of its kind in the world at the time of design. Comprising a station of 11 platforms and 24 tracks (connecting the Guangzhou-Zhanjiang High-Speed Railway, the Beijing-Guangzhou High-Speed Railway, the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway, and the Guangzhou-Qingyuan Intercity Railway), six subway lines, and three bus terminals, this enormous transportation hub is expected to have an estimated daily user base of 360,000 people. The development area above the station is approximately 170,000m², and the surrounding area, including offices, commercial facilities, Serviced Apartments and housing, has been developed as an integrated whole, covering an area of approximately 500,000m².

这一综合开发提高了城市土地利用效率，构筑了以公共交通为中心的可持续交通系统，同时也为复合开发和城市公共空间提供了理想形态。

It focuses on the efficient use of land in the urban area and the creation of a sustainable transportation system centered on public use while proposing a rich mixed-use of functions and the future of urban public space.

该项目主要有三大特点，分别是实现用车站缝合城市的“绿环（Transit Loop）”、吸引客流的“花瓣（Grand Canopy）”，以及明亮的换乘空间“光谷（Station Core）”。

The most significant features of the development are “the Transit Loop” which effectively realizes the concept of the “station connecting divided urban precincts”, the Grand Canopy facade that creates a welcoming sense of identity, and the “Station Core”, a bright transfer space, connecting the various modes of public transportation.

站城一体 —— 绿环

高铁轨道通常采用地上形式，以尽可能地压缩成本和降低环境负荷。但这样一来，也会造成城市的割裂。为了消除这种割裂，白云站从地下2层地铁出站大厅到高铁线路上空，建造了“绿环”这一立体的步行网络。“绿环”周边邻接城市开发和公共空间，形成了站城一体化的基础。

High-speed rail tracks are generally built above ground to minimize development costs and environmental impact, consequently dividing the city. As a solution, a three-dimensional ring-shaped pedestrian space, “the Transit Loop”, was constructed from the metro transfer hall on the second basement floor to above the high-speed rail tracks. Urban functions and public spaces were placed adjacent to it, creating a foundation for the integration of the station and the town.

“绿环”由地下2层连接地上3层，跨越5层的高差。在地下二层起点，向南北分别各画一条环绕车站的圆弧，借此连接东西两个相距约400米的地铁大厅。我们在这条立体环廊的东西种植了不同类型的植物，并与小品组合成休息、漫步等公共空间。除了车站使用者外，附近的居民也可以在这里自由地度过属于自己的时间。

The Transit Loop has a height difference of five stories from the second basement to the third floor. Starting its journey from the subway hall, it splits into two (north/south direction), following arcs on both sides and connecting to another subway hall approximately 400 meters away. The pedestrian route features a variety of greenery on the east and west sides while combining public spaces such as rest areas. It is a place for relaxation and recreation not only for station visitors but also for local people to spend their time.

另外，我们还在“绿环”的最高点——3层标高处，同时也是南北高铁上盖部分设置了公共空间“呼吸广场”。在平常，它可与开发结合用作当地的活动广场，在春节、国庆节等客运高峰期可以增设进站口作为车站广场使用。这个弹性空间以灵活变化的形态体现了车站与周边开发地区之间吞吐吸纳、交流融通的关系，是TOD开发的象征性场所之一。

Furthermore, a transformative public space, Breathing Square, was placed where the Transit Loop coming from the east-west metro halls intersects vertically with the north-south high-speed railway on the third floor. Usually, this space is used as a plaza for local events. However, during peak seasons such as the Chinese New Year and National Day, an additional station entrance is opened to accommodate the overwhelming number of travelers, and the plaza functions as the station front. This is one of the symbolic features of TOD, where the station, the surrounding development, and the community transform as if breathing in response to each other’s presence.

从空中俯瞰“绿环”，其内侧为高铁站房，外侧则环形配置了巴士总站、交通广场等公共空间，以及办公、酒店和商业等城市功能。“绿环”作为打破区域分割状态的桥梁，是将公共交通、周边开发、公共空间，乃至整个地区连接在一起的纽带，是成就白云站最重要的元素。

Viewed from above, the Transit Loop is arranged in a circular pattern with the high-speed rail station building on the inside and three bus terminals and public spaces such as a transportation plaza, as well as offices, hotels, and commercial facilities on the outside. This loop is the most important feature of Baiyun Station, serving as a vital link to connect the entire area and region through its rich public spaces.

站房造型 —— 花瓣

什么是以人为本的车站？经过反复讨论，最终车站立面采用了“花瓣”这一约30米悬挑的大屋檐设计。在这个以广州市市花“木棉花”为灵感的大屋檐下，遮蔽着广场、散步路、游玩场和跑道，是向周边居民和车站使用者开放的公共空间。

What does a station mean to the people? Much consideration led us to the Grand Canopy, large 30-meter cantilevered eaves on the station facade. Under the Grand Canopy inspired by Guangzhou’s symbolic cotton flower, is a public space open to the community. Station visitors use it as a plaza, promenade, playground, and running track.

支撑“花瓣”的结构由2根沿着“花瓣”轮廓线的钢柱构成。箱型钢柱省略饰面材料，作为“花瓣”的框架暴露在外，将强有力的结构直接作为外观设计予以呈现。

The structure that supports the petals is realized by combining two steel columns that follow the outline of the petals. Without adding any decorative materials onto the box steel columns but exposing them as the frame of the petal, the design directly expresses its structural functionality.

“花瓣”的结构体由地下4层地铁站台的柱子支撑。考虑到其荷载限制，“花瓣”采用了PTFE膜材料，以实现结构和外装的轻量化。膜这种材料不仅易于加工，也便于运输，因此对制作尺寸的限制较少。通过使用长达30米的膜材，实现了无缝的木棉花立面。

The petal structure is supported by the columns of the metro platform on the fourth basement floor. Considering the load restriction, a PTFE membrane was adopted to reduce the weight of the petals, providing the necessary structural lightness and aesthetics. There are few restrictions on the manufacturing dimensions of the membrane material, as it is easy to process and can be rolled up for transportation. The use of 30-meter-long membranes realized a seamless “cotton flower” facade.

“花瓣”底部安装有上照灯，在夜间可以根据主题向花瓣膜上投影不同光线，使车站在城市中呈现出丰富的姿态。“花瓣”宛如举行画布，人们的活动在其衬托下成为了主角。这一人城交融的场景，正是新时代车站的立面与城市的象征。

During events or at night, up-lighting placed at the base of the petals can project a variety of lights onto the membrane, communicating a changing expression to the city. The spectacle of human activities taking center stage under the giant canvas of the petals contribute to the facade and its symbolism of the station and the city in its new era.

换乘空间 —— 光谷

“光谷”由地下2层地铁站厅连接到地上4层，串联了各层流线。它不仅是重要的换乘空间，还是乘客进入车站时首先看到的空间，是车站的门面。因此我们希望通过创造明亮的开放空间，实现“到达之感（Sense of arrival）”的营造。

The Station Core is an open atrium that provides vertical circulation between each floor, from the public transportation concourse on the second basement up to the fourth floor above ground. In addition to being a crucial transfer space, it is also the face of the station as the first view for visitors arriving at the facility. The design set out to achieve a “sense of arrival” by creating a pleasant, open and light-filled space.

“光谷”沿南北方向布置，因此总是光线充足、视野开阔。同时为了兼顾采光和遮阳，我们在分析全年太阳角度的基础上，沿着拱梁配置了3种角度的百叶，以实现最佳的采光效果。我们在人群容易停留的中央部分尽可能地制造阴影，人流移动较多的两侧扶梯周围则尽量保证采光确保明亮。

The Station Core is a Light Valley filled with natural light at all times, with uninterrupted sightlines. Stretching from north to south, the Station Core captures the sunlight from different directions depending on the time of the day. By analyzing the sun’s angle throughout the year, louvers with three different angles were placed along the arched beams to capture the optimal amount of light. Maximum shade was provided where people tend to stay longer, while as much light as possible is introduced into the circulation areas around the escalators on either side.

另外，遮阳百叶与拱券之间的次梁结合一体，使优美的结构序列直接成为外观设计的一部分，实现了建筑与结构的一体性。同时与车站立面花瓣的悬挑梁相对，我们在“光谷”朝向室内的一侧也设置了对称的弧形柱，进一步确保结构了的稳定性。

Fine-pitched collar beams installed between the arch beams act as solar shading louvers, pursuing a unity of architecture and structure where the expression of structure becomes a key design aesthetic. Elegant, symmetrically curved columns are expressed on the inside of the large cantilever of the Grand Canopy station facade that counteract the force acting on the outside and maintain structural stability.

这是一个人群被光引导的空间。虽然是地下2层，但直射和漫射光会随着早中晚的推移形成光影变化的环境。“光谷”就在这些细微的变化中欢迎着来到这座城市的人们。

On their journey through the station, people are guided by the light. Although two stories underground, the Light Valley welcomes people by gradually transforming itself from morning to afternoon to evening through different combinations of direct and diffused light throughout the day.

这里是站城一体化的出发点，也是人们舒适旅程的起点。

The start of station-city integration begins with a comfortable travel experience through natural light.